QQPC端原生创建和使用CTXString类

做QQ插件这么多年了，在我年幼无知的时候曾经写过一篇文章：http://lance.moe/post-181.html

当时是2011年，初一刚毕业在上初二，而且有不少基佬都在写QQ插件，大家其乐融融探讨气氛很浓，转眼都过去四五年了，实在是太快了。

以上都是题外话，我们步入今天的内容：

如何原生创建QQ客户端的CTXStringW和CTXStringA类？

我们注意到，QQ的许多函数都是需要用到这两个类的，其实这两个类类似于ATL提供的CString，功能上起码是基本一样的，具体怎么实现的不是今天的研究话题，我们的话题是如何去用。

众所周知，QQ2009以后至今的QQPC客户端都是COM架构的，QQ内部无非就两大种class，一种是C++的class，另一种是COM包装的虚函数class，以C开头的是C++的class类（如CTXStringW、CTXBSTR等），以I开头的是COM类（比如ITXData、ITXMsgPack等）。

COM是种古老的技术了，但是至今它的思想还是不过时，早期OSXQQ、LinuxQQ都是腾讯在其他平台模拟COM做成的，基本可以很方便的移植代码，但是很遗憾这种思想没有坚持下去，也许是因为本身COM就是一种比较复杂的实现，在今天可以有更多更简单的实现方式。

我们知道COM的导出类其实就是一张虚函数表，在COM服务中注册后，我们只需要通过一个GUID就可以创建了，那么QQ中C类是怎么创建的呢？

其实很简单，C类没法“凭空”创建，所以QQ客户端里这种C打头的class，只是通过导出表的形式导出了而已，这个CTXStringW和CTXStringA就是在Common.dll中导出的，那么怎么创建和调用？

其实也很简单，我们只需要通过QQ的DLL生成LIB伪静态库即可，生成方法我贴个BAT脚本：

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set DLLNAME=Common
pexports %DLLNAME%.dll > %DLLNAME%.def
lib /def:%DLLNAME%.def /machine:i386 /out:%DLLNAME%.lib
pause

运行这段代码你需要安装过VS，而且设置好环境路径，具体怎么设置，网上搜一下就知道了，不再浪费口舌。

然后就是得知里面这个类怎么引入？网上有许多导出器可以用，搜索一下就可以得到答案，我直接贴出我做好的：

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#pragma comment(lib, "Common.lib")
#define DLLIMPORT __declspec(dllimport)

class DLLIMPORT CTXBSTR
{
public:
    CTXBSTR(class CTXStringW const &);
    CTXBSTR(int);
    CTXBSTR(int,wchar_t const *);
    CTXBSTR(struct _GUID const &);
    CTXBSTR(void);
    CTXBSTR(wchar_t const *);
    bool operator!=(class CTXBSTR const &)const;
    bool operator!=(wchar_t *)const;
    bool operator!=(wchar_t const *)const;
    bool operator<(class CTXBSTR const &)const;
    bool operator<(wchar_t *)const;
    bool operator<(wchar_t const *)const;
    bool operator==(class CTXBSTR const &)const;
    bool operator==(wchar_t *)const;
    bool operator==(wchar_t const *)const;
    bool operator>(class CTXBSTR const &)const;
    bool operator>(wchar_t *)const;
    bool operator>(wchar_t const *)const;
    class CTXBSTR & operator+=(class CTXBSTR const &);
    class CTXBSTR & operator+=(class CTXStringW const &);
    class CTXBSTR & operator+=(wchar_t const *);
    class CTXBSTR & operator=(class CTXBSTR const &);
    class CTXBSTR & operator=(class CTXStringW const &);
    class CTXBSTR & operator=(wchar_t const *);
    int IsEmpty(void);
    int LoadStringW(struct HINSTANCE__ *,unsigned int);
    long Append(char);
    long Append(class CTXBSTR const &);
    long Append(wchar_t const *);
    long Append(wchar_t const *,int);
    long Append(wchar_t);
    long AppendBSTR(wchar_t *);
    long AppendBytes(char const *,int);
    long ArrayToBSTR(struct tagSAFEARRAY const *);
    long AssignBSTR(wchar_t * const);
    long BSTRToArray(struct tagSAFEARRAY * *);
    long CopyTo(struct tagVARIANT *)const;
    long CopyTo(wchar_t * *)const;
    long ReadFromStream(struct IStream *);
    long ToLower(void);
    long ToUpper(void);
    long WriteToStream(struct IStream *);
    operator wchar_t *(void)const;
    unsigned int ByteLength(void)const;
    unsigned int Length(void)const;
    void Attach(wchar_t *);
    void Empty(void);
    wchar_t * * operator&(void);
    wchar_t * Copy(void)const;
    wchar_t * Detach(void);
    ~CTXBSTR(void);
};

class DLLIMPORT CTXStringA
{
public:
    CTXStringA(char const *);
    CTXStringA(char const *,int);
    CTXStringA(char,int);
    CTXStringA(struct tagEN,wchar_t const *,int);
    CTXStringA(struct tagGBK,wchar_t const *,int);
    CTXStringA(struct tagUTF8,wchar_t const *,int);
    CTXStringA(void);
    bool IsEmpty(void)const;
    bool operator!(void)const;
    char * GetBuffer(int);
    char * GetBuffer(void);
    char * GetBufferSetLength(int);
    char GetAt(int)const;
    char const * GetString(void)const;
    char operator[](int)const;
    class CTXStringA & MakeLower(void);
    class CTXStringA & MakeReverse(void);
    class CTXStringA & MakeUpper(void);
    class CTXStringA & Trim(char const *);
    class CTXStringA & Trim(char);
    class CTXStringA & Trim(void);
    class CTXStringA & TrimLeft(char const *);
    class CTXStringA & TrimLeft(char);
    class CTXStringA & TrimLeft(void);
    class CTXStringA & TrimRight(char const *);
    class CTXStringA & TrimRight(char);
    class CTXStringA & TrimRight(void);
    class CTXStringA & operator+=(char const *);
    class CTXStringA & operator+=(char);
    class CTXStringA & operator+=(class CTXStringA const &);
    class CTXStringA & operator=(char const *);
    class CTXStringA & operator=(char);
    class CTXStringA & operator=(class CTXStringA const &);
    class CTXStringA Left(int)const;
    class CTXStringA Mid(int)const;
    class CTXStringA Mid(int,int)const;
    class CTXStringA Right(int)const;
    int Compare(char const *)const;
    int CompareNoCase(char const *)const;
    int Delete(int,int);
    int Find(char const *,int)const;
    int Find(char,int)const;
    int FindOneOf(char const *)const;
    int GetAllocLength(void)const;
    int GetLength(void)const;
    int Insert(int,char const *);
    int Insert(int,char);
    int Remove(char);
    int Replace(char const *,char const *);
    int Replace(char,char);
    int ReverseFind(char)const;
    operator char const *(void)const;
    void Append(char const *);
    void Append(char const *,int);
    void Append(class CTXStringA const &);
    void AppendChar(char);
    void Empty(void);
    void Format(char const *,...);
    void FormatV(char const *,char *);
    void Preallocate(int);
    void ReleaseBuffer(int);
    void SetAt(int,char);
    void SetString(char const *);
    void SetString(char const *,int);
    void Truncate(int);
    ~CTXStringA(void);
};

class DLLIMPORT CTXStringW
{
public:
    CTXStringW(class CTXBSTR const &);
    CTXStringW(int);
    CTXStringW(struct _GUID const &);
    CTXStringW(struct tagEN,char const *,int);
    CTXStringW(struct tagGBK,char const *,int);
    CTXStringW(struct tagUTF8,char const *,int);
    CTXStringW(struct tagVARIANT const &);
    CTXStringW(void);
    CTXStringW(wchar_t *);
    CTXStringW(wchar_t const *);
    CTXStringW(wchar_t const *,int);
    CTXStringW(wchar_t,int);
    bool IsEmpty(void)const;
    bool operator!(void)const;
    class CTXStringW & MakeLower(void);
    class CTXStringW & MakeReverse(void);
    class CTXStringW & MakeUpper(void);
    class CTXStringW & Trim(void);
    class CTXStringW & Trim(wchar_t const *);
    class CTXStringW & Trim(wchar_t);
    class CTXStringW & TrimLeft(void);
    class CTXStringW & TrimLeft(wchar_t const *);
    class CTXStringW & TrimLeft(wchar_t);
    class CTXStringW & TrimRight(void);
    class CTXStringW & TrimRight(wchar_t const *);
    class CTXStringW & TrimRight(wchar_t);
    class CTXStringW & operator+=(class CTXBSTR const &);
    class CTXStringW & operator+=(class CTXStringW const &);
    class CTXStringW & operator+=(struct tagVARIANT const &);
    class CTXStringW & operator+=(wchar_t const *);
    class CTXStringW & operator+=(wchar_t);
    class CTXStringW & operator=(class CTXBSTR const &);
    class CTXStringW & operator=(class CTXStringW const &);
    class CTXStringW & operator=(struct tagVARIANT const &);
    class CTXStringW & operator=(wchar_t *);
    class CTXStringW & operator=(wchar_t const *);
    class CTXStringW & operator=(wchar_t);
    class CTXStringW Left(int)const;
    class CTXStringW Mid(int)const;
    class CTXStringW Mid(int,int)const;
    class CTXStringW Right(int)const;
    class CTXStringW SpanIncluding(wchar_t const *)const;
    class CTXStringW Tokenize(wchar_t const *,int &)const;
    class CTXStringW const & Refresh(void)const;
    int Collate(wchar_t const *)const;
    int CollateNoCase(wchar_t const *)const;
    int Compare(wchar_t const *)const;
    int CompareNoCase(wchar_t const *)const;
    int Delete(int,int);
    int Find(wchar_t const *,int)const;
    int Find(wchar_t,int)const;
    int FindOneOf(wchar_t const *)const;
    int GetAllocLength(void)const;
    int GetByteLength(void)const;
    int GetLength(void)const;
    int Insert(int,wchar_t const *);
    int Insert(int,wchar_t);
    int LoadStringW(struct HINSTANCE__ *,unsigned int);
    int LoadStringW(struct HINSTANCE__ *,unsigned int,unsigned short);
    int Remove(wchar_t);
    int Replace(wchar_t const *,wchar_t const *);
    int Replace(wchar_t,wchar_t);
    int ReverseFind(wchar_t)const;
    operator wchar_t const *(void)const;
    void Append(class CTXStringW const &);
    void Append(wchar_t const *);
    void Append(wchar_t const *,int);
    void AppendBSTR(wchar_t *);
    void AppendChar(wchar_t);
    void AppendFormat(wchar_t const *,...);
    void Empty(void);
    void Format(wchar_t const *,...);
    void FormatV(wchar_t const *,char *);
    void Preallocate(int);
    void ReleaseBuffer(int);
    void SetAt(int,wchar_t);
    void SetString(wchar_t const *);
    void SetString(wchar_t const *,int);
    void Truncate(int);
    wchar_t * * GetBSTRPtr(void);
    wchar_t * AllocSysString(void)const;
    wchar_t * GetBSTR(void)const;
    wchar_t * GetBuffer(int);
    wchar_t * GetBuffer(void);
    wchar_t * GetBufferSetLength(int);
    wchar_t * SetSysString(wchar_t * *)const;
    wchar_t GetAt(int)const;
    wchar_t const * GetString(void)const;
    wchar_t operator[](int)const;
    ~CTXStringW(void);
};

// 重载运算符
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(char const *,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(char,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(class CTXStringA const &,char const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(class CTXStringA const &,char);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(class CTXStringA const &,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(class CTXStringW const &,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(wchar_t *,class CTXBSTR const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(wchar_t const *,class CTXBSTR const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(wchar_t const *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator!=(wchar_t,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<(char const *,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<(class CTXStringA const &,char const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<(class CTXStringA const &,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<(class CTXStringW const &,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<(wchar_t const *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<=(char const *,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<=(class CTXStringA const &,char const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<=(class CTXStringA const &,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<=(class CTXStringW const &,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<=(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator<=(wchar_t const *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(char const *,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(char,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(class CTXStringA const &,char const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(class CTXStringA const &,char);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(class CTXStringA const &,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(class CTXStringW const &,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(wchar_t *,class CTXBSTR const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(wchar_t *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(wchar_t const *,class CTXBSTR const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(wchar_t const *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator==(wchar_t,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>(char const *,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>(class CTXStringA const &,char const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>(class CTXStringA const &,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>(class CTXStringW const &,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>(wchar_t const *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>=(char const *,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>=(class CTXStringA const &,char const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>=(class CTXStringA const &,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>=(class CTXStringW const &,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>=(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t const *);
DLLIMPORT bool operator>=(wchar_t const *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringA operator+(char const *,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringA operator+(char,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringA operator+(class CTXStringA const &,char const *);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringA operator+(class CTXStringA const &,char);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringA operator+(class CTXStringA const &,class CTXStringA const &);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringW operator+(class CTXStringW const &,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringW operator+(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t const *);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringW operator+(class CTXStringW const &,wchar_t);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringW operator+(wchar_t const *,class CTXStringW const &);
DLLIMPORT class CTXStringW operator+(wchar_t,class CTXStringW const &);

有了这些，我们就可以开始用了~

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CTXStringW myText = CTXStringW(L"This is a test!");